Intellectual disability, also known as mental retardation, is a condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior that begins during the developmental period. While there is no specific cure for intellectual disability, research on stem cell therapy (SCT) has shown potential to improve cognitive and behavioral outcomes in individuals with this condition.
The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of stem cells in the treatment of intellectual disability are multifaceted. Stem cells can release https://stemplus.clinic/disease-treatment/mental-retardation/ growth factors and cytokines that stimulate the growth and survival of existing neurons, as well as promote the formation of new synapses, the connections between neurons that are essential for learning and memory. Additionally, stem cells can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain, which are often associated with intellectual disability.
Before TSC becomes a widely accepted treatment method, additional research is needed to optimize treatment protocols, determine the most suitable types of stem cells and administration methods, and evaluate long-term safety and efficacy.